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Average learning performance shown by individual bees from the 12 test colonies. In each panel (a-l) we present the mean learning performance averaged across bees tested in each colony (D11-D22). Data points (filled diamonds) represent the mean (1 s.e.m.) number of errors made during each consecutive group of flower choices. The starting point (i.e. number of flower choices=0) was calculated from all bees which made at least five choices before feeding from (probing) a yellow (rewarding) flower for the first time. Subsequent data points each represent the mean number of errors (blue flowers chosen) during a series of 10 flower choices averaged across 1215 bees per colony. All bees (n=172) performed at least 100 flower choices. The curves shown in each figure panel indicate the mean learning curve for each colony. The colony learning curve is based on the mean curve parameters (y₀, A and t) produced from fitting exponential decay functions (y=y₀+Ae ?x/t ) to the flower choice data for each individual bee and averaging parameter values across bees.

Abstract

Despite the extensive presumption that training efficiency of pet was adjusted on sorts of environment where it efforts, the latest quantitative effects of understanding results towards physical fitness will always be practically not familiar. Here, we gauge the reading performance of bumble-bees (Bombus terrestris) regarding numerous colonies for the an environmentally relevant associative studying activity below research conditions, just before analysis this new foraging abilities of the identical colonies under the community requirements. We demonstrate that variation in learning price one of bumble-bee territories is actually directly correlated on foraging results, a strong exercise size, around sheer standards. Territories are very different in mastering rates by the a very important factor off nearly four, on the slowest studying colonies get together forty% less nectar compared to fastest reading territories. More